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tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 1 toshiba bi-cmos power integrated circuit multi-chip package (mcp) tb6581h/hg 3-phase full-wave sine-wave pwm brushless motor controller the tb6581h/hg is a high-voltage pwm bldc motor driver. the product integrates the tb6551f/fg sine-wave controller and the tpd4103ak high-voltage driver in a single package (?2-in-1?). it is designed to change the speed of a bldc directly motor by using a speed control signal (analog) from a microcontroller. features ? a sine wave pwm drive controller and a high-voltage driver integrated in a single package. ? igbts arranged in three half-bridge units ? triangle wave generator (carrier frequency = f osc /254 (hz)) ? dead-time insertion (1.9 s) ? high-side bootstrap supply ? bootstrap diode ? overcurrent protection, thermal shutdown, and undervoltage lockout ? on-chip regulator (v reg = 7 v (typ.), 30 ma (max), vrefout = 5 v (typ.), 30 ma (max)) ? operating power supply voltage range: v cc = 13.5~16.5 v ? motor power supply operating voltage range: vb = 50~400 v weight: hzip25-p-1.00k: 7.7 g (typ.) TB6581HG: TB6581HG is a pb-free product. the following conditions apply to solderability: *solderability 1. use of sn-63pb solder bath *solder bath temperature = 230 ? c *dipping time = 5 seconds *number of times = once *use of r-type flux 2. use of sn-3.0ag-0.5cu solder bath *solder bath temperature = 245 ? c *dipping time = 5 seconds *the number of times = once *use of r-type flux
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 2 pin description pin no. symbol description function 1 pgnd grounding pin power ground 2 vreg reference voltage output connected to pin 5. 7 v (typ.), 30 ma (max) 3 is igbt emitter pin for connecting a current sensing resistor to ground. 4 nc not connected this pin is left open and can be used as a jumper on a pcb. 5 v cc7 signal control power supply pin connected to pin 2. the control stage operating voltage: v cc = 6 to 10 v 6 v refout reference voltage output 5 v (typ.), 30 ma (max) for connecting a bypass capacitor for internal v dd . 7 idc current limit input dc link input reference potential of 0.5 v. this pin has a filter ( ? 1 s). 8 sgnd grounding pin signal ground 9 x in clock input 10 x out clock output these pins have a feedback resistor. for connecting to a crystal oscillator. 11 ve voltage command input this pin has a pull-down resistor. 12 hu u-phase position sensing input 13 hv v-phase position sensing input 14 hw w-phase position sensing input if the position sensing inputs are all high or low, the outputs are turned off. this pin has a pull-up resistor. 15 la lead angle control input 0 to 58 in 32 steps 16 fg fg signal output this pin drives three pulses per rotation. 17 rev reverse rotation signal for reverse rotation detection. 18 bsu bootstrap supply (phase u) for connecting a bootstrap capacitor to the u-phase output. 19 u u-phase output pin ? 20 bsv bootstrap supply (phase v) for connecting a bootstrap capacitor to the v-phase output. 21 v v-phase output pin ? 22 bsw bootstrap supply (phase w) for connecting a bootstrap capacitor to the w-phase output. 23 w w-phase output pin ? 24 vb high-voltage power supply pin power supply pin for driving a motor. 25 v cc15 power supply pin for the power stage power stage operating range: v cc = 15 v
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 3 pin assignment maximum ratings (ta = 25c) characteristics symbol rating unit v cc7 12 v cc15 18 power supply voltage vb 500 v v in (1) ? 0.3 to v cc1 (note 1) input voltage v in (2) ? 0.3 to 5.5 (note 2) v pwm output current i out 2 (note 3) a power dissipation p d 40 (note 4) w operating temperature t opr ? 30 to 115 (note 5) c storage temperature t stg ? 50 to 150 c note 1: v in (1) pin: v e , la note 2: v in (2) pin: i dc , hu, hv, hw note 3: apply pulse note 4: package thermal resistance ( j-c = 1c/w) with an infinite heat sink at ta = 25c note 5: the operating temperature range is determined according to the p d max ? ta characteristics. v cc7 1 pgnd vreg is vrefout xout xin bsu u bsv v bsw w vb v cc15 sgnd fg hu nc hv hw ve la rev 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 idc
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 4 recommended operating conditions (ta = 25c) characteristics symbol min typ. max unit v cc7 6 7 10 power supply voltage v cc15 13.5 15 16.5 v crystal oscillator frequency x in 2 4 5 mhz motor power supply voltage vb 50 280 400 v output current iout ? 1 2 a p d max ? ta ambient temperature ta (c) power dissipation p d max (w) (1) (2) (3) 25 0 150 0 80 75 40 100 20 60 50 125 (1) infinite heat sink r j-c = 1c/w (2) heat sink (r hs = 3.5c/w) r j-c + r hs = 4.5c/w (3) no heat sink r j-a = 39c/w
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 5 electrical characteristics (ta = 25c) characteristics symbol test condition min typ. max unit i b v b = 400 v ? 0.1 0.5 i cc15 v reg = open, v cc = 15 v ? 1.1 3 i cc7 v refout = open, v cc = 7 v ? 3 6 ma i bs (on) v bs = 15 v, high-side on ? 260 410 current dissipation i bs (off) v bs = 15 v, high-side off ? 230 370 a i in (la) vin = 5 v, la ? 25 50 i in (v e ) vin = 5 v, v e ? 35 70 input current i in (hall) vin = 0 v, hu, hv, hw ? 50 ? 25 ? a high v refout ? 1 ? v refout v in (hall) low hu, hv, hw ? ? 0.8 high pwm duty 100% 5.1 5.4 5.7 middle refresh start motor operation 1.8 2.1 2.4 input voltage v in (v e ) low turned-off refresh 0.7 1.0 1.3 v input hysteresis voltage v h hu, hv, hw (note 6) ? 0.3 ? v v dt hu, hv, hw x in = 4.19 mhz ? 4.0 ? input delay time v dc idc x in = 4.19 mhz ? 4.0 ? s v cesat h v cc = 15 v, ic = 0.5 a ? 2.4 3 output saturation voltage v cesat l v cc = 15 v, ic = 0.5 a ? 2.4 3 v v fg (h) i out = 1 ma fg v refout ? 1.0 v refout ? 0.2 ? v fg (l) i out = ? 1 ma fg ? 0.2 1.0 v refout i out = 30 ma v refout 4.5 5.0 5.5 output voltage v reg i out = 30 ma 6.5 7 7.5 v v f h if = 0.5 a, high-side ? 1.3 2.0 frd forward voltage v f l if = 0.5 a, low-side ? 1.3 2.0 v bsd forward voltage v f (bsd) if = 500 a ? 0.9 1.2 v current detection v dc i dc 0.47 0.5 0.53 v tsd 150 165 200 thermal shutdown protection tsdhys (note 7) ? 20 ? c v cc15 (h) undervoltage positive-going threshold 10.5 11.5 12.5 v cc15 undervoltage protection for driver v cc15 (l) undervoltage negative-going threshold 10 11 12 v vbs (h) undervoltage positive-going threshold 8.5 9.5 10.5 vbs undervoltage protection for driver vbs (l) undervoltage negative-going threshold 8 9 10 v v cc7 (h) undervoltage positive-going threshold 4.2 4.5 4.8 v cc7 undervoltage protection for controller v cc7 (l) undervoltage negative-going threshold 3.7 4.0 4.3 v t on v bb = 280 v, v cc = 15 v, ic = 0.5 a ? 1.5 3 output turn-on/-off delay time t off v bb = 280 v, v cc = 15 v, ic = 0.5 a ? 1.2 3 s dead time tdead x in = 4.19 mhz 1.5 1.8 ? s frd reverse recovery time t rr v bb = 280 v, v cc = 15 v, ic = 0.5 a ? 200 ? ns note 6 and note 7: toshiba does not implement testing before shipping.
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 6 functional description 1. basic operation the motor is driven by the square-wave turn-on signal based on a positional signal. when the positional signal reaches number of rotations f = 5 hz or higher, the rotor position is estimated according to the positional signal and a modulation wave is generated. the modulation wave and the triangular wave are compared; then the sine-wave pwm signal is generated and the motor is driven. from start to 5 hz: when driven by square wave (120 turn-on) f = f osc /(2 12 32 6) 5 hz~: when driven by sine-wave pwm (180 turn-on); when f osc = 4 mhz, approx. 5 hz 2. v e voltage command input and bootstrap power supply (1) voltage command input: when v e < = voltage command input: when 1.0 v < v e < = voltage command input: when v e > 2.1 v the u, v and w signals are driven out during sine wave drive. the low-side igbts are forced to on at fixed frequency (carrier frequency) during square-wave drive (duty cycle: 8%). note 1: at startup, the low-side igbts must be turned on for a fixed period at 1.0 v < v e < = 2.1 v to charge the high-side igbt power supply. 3. dead time function: upper/lower transistor output off-time when the motor is driven by sine-wave pwm, dead time is digitally generated inside the ic to prevent short circuit caused by the simultaneously turning on of upper and lower external power devices. when a square wave is generated in full-duty cycle mode, the dead time function is turned on to prevent a short circuit. internal counter t off 8/f osc 1.9 s t off values above are obtained when fosc = 4.19 mhz. f osc = reference clock (crystal oscillation) 4. correcting the lead angle the lead angle can be corrected in the turn-on signal range from 0 to 58 in relation to the induced voltage. analog input from la pin (0 v to 5 v divided by 32) 0 v = 0 5 v = 58 (when more than 5 v is input, 58) (1) (2) (3) 100% 2.1 v 1.0 v 5.4 v v e pwm duty cycle (1) 0 to 1.0 v: reset state (all outputs are off.) (2) v e = 1.0 to 2.1 v: startup operation (duty cycle of 8% for the low-side igbts) (3) v e = 2.1 to 5.4 v: running state (5.4 v or higher: pwm duty cycle = 100%)
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 7 5. setting the carrier frequency this function sets the triangular wave cycle (carrier cycle) necessary for generating the pwm signal. (the triangular wave is used for forcibly turning on the lower transistor when the motor is driven by square wave.) carrier cycle = f osc /252 (hz) f osc = reference clock (crystal oscillation) 6. outputting the reverse rotation detection signal this function detects the motor rotation direction every electrical angle of 360. this function judges whether the actual direction of a rotating motor coincides with that of the internal reference voltage. actual motor rotating direction rev pin drive mode cw (forward) high square waveform (120 turn-on mode) ccw (reverse) low sine-wave waveform (180 turn-on mode) *: cw or ccw of the motor is determined by the direction of the hall signal, which is specified in the timing chart on page 9. *: when the rev pin is set to low, and the hall signal is higher than 5 hz, sine-wave drive mode is turned on. 7. protecting input pin (1) overcurrent protection (pin i dc ) when the dc-link-current exceeds the internal reference voltage, gate block protection is performed. overcurrent protection is released for each carrier frequency. reference voltage = 0.5 v (typ.) (2) positional signal abnormality protection output is turned off when the positional signal is hhh or lll; otherwise, it is restarted. (3) monitor protection for v cc7 / v cc15 low supply voltage for power supply on/off outside the operating voltage range, the u, v and w drive outputs are turned off and the motor is stopped when there is a power supply fault. < v cc7 > < v cc15 > turn-off drive output turn-off drive output turn-on drive output power supply voltage 4.5 v (typ.) 4.0 v (typ.) gnd v b v cc7 output turn-off drive output turn-on drive output power supply voltage 11.5 v (typ.) 11.0 v (typ.) gnd v b v cc15 turn-off drive output output
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 8 (4) monitor protection for v bs bootstrap power supply when v bs power supply is lowered, the high-side igbt is turned off. (5) overheat protection the overheat protection circuit will operate and all igbts will be turned off if the chip temperature becomes abnormally high due to internal or external heat generation. t sd = 165c (typ.) t sdhys = 20c (typ.) after the overheat protection circuit is turned on, the return temperature is 145c (typ.). turn-off high-side igbt turn-off high-side igbt high-side igbt v bs (output -bs) 9.5 v (typ.) 9.0 v (typ.) output
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 9 timing chart ? cw (forward) mode (cw mode means that the hall signal is input in the order shown below.) ? ccw (reverse) mode (ccw mode means that the hall signal is input in the order shown below.) motor drive output waveform (line voltage) hall signal (input) h u h v h w fg signal (output) fg turn-on signal when driven by square wave (inside the ic) u v w x y z rev signal (output) rev (high ) v uv v vw v wu * the waveform of actual operation is the pwm motor drive output waveform (line voltage) h u h v h w fg signal (output) fg rev (lo w ) modulation waveform when driven by sine wave (inside of ic) s u s v s w hall signal (input) rev signal (output) v uv v vw v wu * the waveform of actual operation is the pwm
tb6581h/hg 2004-03-01 10 example of application circuit system clock generator position detector counter 5-bit ad triangular wave generator 6-bit output waveform generator selecting data switching 120/180 & gate block protection on/off setting dead time charger 120- turn-on matrix power-on reset protection & reset 15 9 10 12 13 14 11 5 8 6 16 17 phase matchin 4 bit fg rotating direction st/sp err gb comparator comparator pwm hu hv hw 120/180 phase u x in x out hu hv hw v e v cc7 s-gnd v refout fg rev la u x v y w z brk (chg) v refout mcu regula tor internal reference voltage low-side driver v reg input control bsv bsu v b bsw u v w high-side level shift driver 2 hu hv hw lu lv lw 18 20 22 19 21 23 under- voltage protection 7-v regulator c 10 c 11 c 12 c 3 c 2 c 1 r 1 r 2 r 3 hall ic input x 1 c 4 7 idc 1 24 3 v cc15 25 p-gnd is r 5 c 5 r 4 c 9 c 8 15 v power supply for motor c 7 c 6 motor (controller) (driver) phase v phase w comparator comparator under- voltage protection under- voltage protection under- voltage protection thermal shutdown
tb6581h/hg 03/12/25 11 external parts symbol purpose recommended value note x 1 internal clock generation 4.19 mhz (note 1) c 1 , c 2 , c 3 10 v/1000 pf r 1 , r 2 , r 3 noise absorber 10 k ? (note 2) c 4 v refout oscillation protection 10 v/0.1 f~1.0 f (note 3) c 5 10 v/1000pf r 4 noise absorber 5.1 k ? (note 2) r 5 overcurrent detection 0.62 ? 1% (1 w) (note 4) c 6 16 v/1.0 f~10 f c 7 v reg power supply stability 10 v/1000 pf (note 3) c 8 25 v/0.1 f c 9 v cc15 power supply stability 25 v/10 f (note 3) c 10 , c 11 , c 12 bootstrap capacitor 25 v/2.2 f (note 5) note 1: for carrier frequency and dead time, connect a 4.19 mhz ceramic resonator. note 2: these parts are used as a low-pass filter for noise absorption. test to confirm noise filtering, then set the filter time-constant. note 3: this part is used as a capacitor for power supply stability. adjust the part to the application environment as required. when mounting, place it as close as possible to the base of the leads of this product to improve the noise elimination. note 4: this part is used to set the value for overcurrent detection. i out (max) = v dc r 5 (v dc = 0.5 v (typ.)) note 5: the required bootstrap capacitance value varies according to the motor drive conditions. the voltage stress for the capacitor is the value of v cc15 . other precautions a short circuit between the outputs, or between output and supply or ground may damage the device. peripheral parts may also be damaged by overvoltage and overcurrent. design the output lines, v cc and gnd lines so that short circuits do not occur. also be careful not to insert the ic in the wrong direction because this could destroy the ic. in turning on the power, first supply vcc15 and confirm its stability; then apply vcc7 and the driving input signal. vcc15 and vb may be turned on in either order. in turning off the power, take care not to cut off the vb line by relay while the motor is spinning. doing so may cause the ic to break down by cutting the current-producing route for vb. the tb6581h/hg is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. handle with care. the product should be mounted by the solder-flow method. the preheating time is from 60 to 120 seconds at 150 ? c. the maximum heat is 260 ? c, to be applied within 10 seconds and as far as the lead stopper.
tb6581h/hg 03/12/25 12 package dimensions weight: 7.7 g (typ.)
tb6581h/hg 03/12/25 13 notes on contents 1. block diagrams some functional blocks, circuits, or constants may be omitted or simplified in the block diagram for explanatory purposes. 2. equivalent circuits the equivalent circuit diagrams may be simplified or some parts of them may be omitted for explanatory purposes. 3. timing charts timing charts may be simplified for explanatory purposes. 4. maximum ratings the absolute maximum ratings of a semiconductor device are a set of specified parameter values that must not be exceeded during operation, even for an instant. if any of these ratings are exceeded during operation, the electrical characteristics of the device may be irreparably altered, in which case the reliability and lifetime of the device can no longer be guaranteed. moreover, any exceeding of the ratings during operation may cause breakdown, damage and/or degradation in other equipment. applications using the device should be designed so that no maximum rating will ever be exceeded under any operating conditions. before using, creating and/or producing designs, refer to and comply with the precautions and conditions set forth in this document. 5. application circuits the application circuits shown in this document are provided for reference purposes only. thorough evaluation is required in the mass production design phase. in furnishing these examples of application circuits, toshiba does not grant the use of any industrial property rights. 6. test circuits components in test circuits are used only to obtain and confirm device characteristics. these components and circuits are not guaranteed to prevent malfunction or failure in application equipment. handling of the ic ensure that the product is installed correctly to prevent breakdown, damage and/or degradation in the product or equipment. over-current protection and heat protection circuits these protection functions are intended only as a temporary means of preventing output short circuits or other abnormal conditions and are not guaranteed to prevent damage to the ic. if the guaranteed operating ranges of this product are exceeded, these protection features may not operate and some output short circuits may result in the ic being damaged. the over-current protection feature is intended to protect the ic from temporary short circuits only. short circuits persisting over long periods may cause excessive stress and damage the ic. systems should be configured so that any over-current condition will be eliminated as soon as possible. counter-electromotive force when the motor reverses or stops, the effect of counter-electromotive force may cause the current to flow to the power source. if the power supply is not equipped with sink capability, the power and output pins may exceed the maximum rating. the counter-electromotive force of the motor will vary depending on the conditions of use and the features of the motor. therefore make sure there will be no damage to or operational problem in the ic, and no damage to or operational errors in peripheral circuits caused by counter-electromotive force.
tb6581h/hg 03/12/25 14 ? the information contained herein is subject to change without notice. ? the information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. no responsibility is assumed by toshiba for any infringements of patents or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of toshiba or others. ? toshiba is continually working to improve the quality and relia bility of its products. neve rtheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. it is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing toshiba products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such toshiba products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. in developing your designs, please ensure that toshiba products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent toshiba products specifications. also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the ?handling guide for semiconductor devices,? or ?toshiba semiconductor reliability handbook? etc.. ? the toshiba products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). these toshiba products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunctio n or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury (?unintended usage?). unintended usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. unintended usage of toshiba products listed in this document shall be made at the customer?s own risk. ? the products described in this document are subject to the foreign exchange and foreign trade laws. ? toshiba products should not be embedded to the downstream products which are prohibited to be produced and sold, under any law and regulations. 030619eba restrictions on product use

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